Características das mudas de Alibertia edulis (Rich) A. Rich. propagadas em diferentes substratos e desenvolvimento das plantas no campo

Abstract

Alibertia edulis (Rich.) A. Rich. ex. A.D. (marmelo do Cerrado, Rubiaceae) is a native species from Brazil, rich in bioactive compounds and it has medicinal, ecological and nutritional potential. Studies carried out in order to verify the effect on the quality of seedlings from native species propagated in nurseries and their subsequent post transplantation in field are scarce. The exploitation of species is basically in native areas and there is no known record of ex situ cultivation. Thus, the aim of the study was to evaluate seedlings propagated on different substrates and their influence on plant development in field. The study was performed in two phases, one (1) in tubes, under a protected environment and the other (2) in field. Treatments in phase 1 consisted of six types of substrate: 100% Dystroferric Latosol Red (dLR); 50% dLR + 50% sand; 100% Topstrato®; 75% dLR + 25% sand; 50% dLR + 50% Topstrato® and 50% Topstrato® + 25% dLR+ 25% sand. The experimental design used was randomized blocks, with five replications. The evaluations were seedling height; number of leaves; diameter of the stem; fresh and dry mass of leaves, stems and roots as well as leaf area, and the quality standard of seedlings. In phase 2, the same treatments as phase 1 were considered, as well as the same design and repetitions with the evaluations of plant height, number of leaves and fresh and dry mass of leaves and stems. In phase 1, the highest seedlings (4.6 cm) and with the best number of leaves (11.8) occurred 70 days after pricking out, when produced in 50% Tropstrato + 25% dLR + 25% sand. The substrate did not influence the quality standard of seedlings. In phase 2, the best height (37.31 cm) of plants and the greatest number of leaves (28.51 cm) occurred 325 days after transplanting. Regarding the substrates, the seedlings produced in 100% Tropstrato had the best results for plant height and number of leaves, but the other characteristics evaluated did not vary with the treatments. It was concluded that the best development of seedlings were from plants propagated on substrates formulated with 50% Tropstrato® + 25% soil + 25% sand. In field, the most of characteristics evaluated on plants did not show any significant differences induced by the substrates used in the production of seedlings, except for plant height and number of leaves, which were higher in plants propagated with 100% Tropstrato®.