A Influência de uma dieta vegetariana estrita em desfechos clínicos cardiovasculares - uma revisão sistemática

Abstract

The association between vegetarian diet and human health has shown a reduction in the incidence of chronic diseases, including cardiovascular diseases. The aim of the study was to assess the association of a strict vegetarian diet with definitive cardiovascular clinical outcomes. For this, a systematic review of the literature was carried out, in which intervention studies were analyzed. The consultation took place in five databases, these being Pubmed, Biblioteca Virtual em Saúde, Scopus, Web of Science and Embase. Six articles were included after analyzing the eligibility criteria. The variables analyzed in the studies were anthropometry, lipid profile, blood pressure and reduction of medications and/or symptoms. The results found showed that consumption of a strict vegetarian diet is associated with reduced weight, body mass index, waist circumference, reduced cholesterol levels and lowered blood pressure. Other parameters such as reduction of symptoms, use of medication and prevention of the progression of the installed disease and cardiovascular mortality were also found. It has been shown that a strict vegetarian diet produces benefits in the prevention of new cardiovascular events, and that it can be used as a treatment for arterial hypertension, but more studies in the area are needed to better ensure the effects of a plant-based diet on cardiovascular outcomes.