Das comissões de heteroidentificação às construções de identidades: uma análise sociológica da negritude (re)significada pelos alunos pardos dos cursos de Direito e Medicina da UFGD ingressantes pelo PSV e SiSU (2019-2021)

Abstract

This study analyzes the impact of the procedures for validation of self-declaration as black (black or brown-skinned people), carried out by the General Committee of Heteroidentification of the Federal University of Grande Dourados (UFGD), on the ethnic-racial identity of brown-skinned students entering the Medicine and Law courses, through the University Admission Exam (PSV/UFGD) and the Unified Selection System (SiSU/MEC), for the period 2019-2021. It was sought to identify the overcoming of challenges faced by black and brown-skinned students for their (re)signification as black people in front of the Committee and the consequent discovery of their black identity. The methodology adopted is based on a bibliographic review regarding the construction of ethnic-racial identity in terms of the theorization of Kabengele Munanga, Stuart Hall, Fantz Fanon, Homi Bhaha, Oracy Nogueira, and Neuza Santos Souza, as well as the reconstitution of existing research on affirmative actions for university access. As for the entry processes regulated at UFGD, institutional documents were analyzed, and interviews were conducted with members of the General Committee of Heteroidentification and students of the two courses mentioned above. Were also analyzed the challenges faced by the mentioned Committee to repress frauds in the PSV/UFGD and SiSU/MEC's racially-selected openings in the period mentioned earlier without incurring the risk of racialization. The main results showed that black and brown-skinned students in Medicine and Law courses are victims of racial prejudice, even though they are not very aware of their black identity until they validate their racial self-declaration. Among the conclusions, it is worth highlighting that one of the effects observed was the congruence of the control mechanism of affirmative action by the Committee as a means that favors the rediscovery of the black identity of black and brown-skinned people, helping them to self-declare as black people, holders of rights and protagonists of transformation of Brazilian society. That ratifies the Committee of Heteroidentification as the gateway to a world of rediscovery and identity (re)signification within the Brazilian public university.