Controle sustentável de pragas do algodoeiro Gossypium hirsutum L. cultivado no cerrado brasileiro visando subsidiar sistemas de produção integrada

Abstract

Cotton crop is important for the local and international market. A good agriculture practice is fundamental to achieve sustainable production systems. The goal of this work was to compare two kinds of cultivation systems that is cultivated at “cerrado” of Brazil analyzing the models of management currently available. The study was carried out in 2007/2008 and 2008/2009 growing season, in the experimental field of Fundação de Apoio a Pesquisa Agropecuária de Chapadão (Fundação Chapadão), located in the city of Chapadão do Sul, Mato Grosso do Sul. The treatments were two cropping systems: sustainable and conventional, managing the pests according their control level, the interface of plant-insect based at the Insect Pest Management, control tactics existent and for a sustainable production concept. For the graphs of population were use a descriptive statistic of the average standard error; and for T student test for the root length and shoot, count apples and viable apples in first position at the firs reproductive branch, harvest data and fiber quality analysis. There were no significant differences for production, yield and fiber quality. It is possible to detect the pest infestation by monitoring continuously, specially that one witch permit a local control like the pests as spider-mites that should be controlled by local and initial attach. Natural enemies are abundant in the early growing season (first 80 days of emergency), as a result of infestations of aphids, but were controlled by the nonselective sprayed insecticide used to control the boll weevil. The two systems (Conventional and Sustainable) that were tested does not have significant differences at production, yield and fiber quality. Sustainable system had a high cost of production compared with the Conventional system. A high infestation of boll weevil make impracticable the program models of sustainable production. There were no significant differences in production, yield and fiber quality between Conventional and Sustainable Systems. The Sustainable System has a production cost higher than the conventional system. The incidence of boll weevil infestations in high unfeasible model programs more sustainable production.