A Evolução dos indicadores econômicos e sociais brasileiros entre os anos de 2010 a 2019

Abstract

The work in question aims to analyze the economic and social indicators in Brazil, from 2010 to 2020. But, in particular, it is intended to analyze the evolution of growth indicators, such as income, Gross Domestic Product - GDP, GDP per capita, number of employees, unemployed workforce and analyze the evolution of indicators that measure social development, such as some indicators of infrastructure, health, education and the HDI, as well as the Gini index. For this, the method used will be a descriptive analysis of the data. It was possible to observe that in the last decade the Brazilian macroeconomic scenario had a significant deterioration, with falls in income more accentuated than the fall in the world, and the acceleration of inflation in Brazil was also more intense than the acceleration in the world price level. The labor market in the country has also deteriorated, given that as income has decreased (35.98% between 2009 and 2021), the population has found it increasingly difficult to enter the labor market, a fact observed by the latest unemployment rate. unemployment in 2021 is 13.50%, which means a growth of 57.24% in eight years (2013 to 2021). In social indicators, access to income measured by per capita income has worsened in recent years (2.68% drop between 2016 and 2020), which is aggravated by the increase in income concentration observed by the Gini Index. In terms of health, the increase in the mortality rate and the decrease in hospital beds are worrying. With regard to education, the expansion of spending on higher education is notable, but it is necessary to pay attention not to resources in the budget, but to the quality of management and direction of educational policies. Finally, given the deterioration in income indicators, it is possible to observe the impact on the HDI, which dropped by 1.57% between 2020 and 2021.