Manejo da dessecação em pré-colheita e desempenho produtivo do feijão-mungo

Abstract

Mungbean is a legume species that representes a good option for cropping in the Center-West region of Brazil, specially in rotation systems and for soil improvement. Because it shows indeterminate growth habit, using pre-harvest desiccants enables better uniformity growth of the plant population, besides controlling weeds and favoring early harvest, therefore minimizing mungbean to harmful environmental conditions. The aim of this study was to study the effects of pre-harvest desiccation managements on mungbean yield potential. The experimente was carried out in Faculdade de Ciências Agrárias, FCA/UFGD, in Dourados-MS, Brazil. The experimental design was the split plot with four replications. Main plots consisted of desiccation managements (with and without pre-harvest with diquat and ammonium gluphosinate). Subplots consisted of harvest times of 0, 3, 6 and 9 days after two reference estages - 30% and 70% of mature pods in the area. Data was submitted to variance analyses. Means were of desiccation managements were compared by the Tukey test (p≤0.05) and harvest times by regression analysis as a 3x4 factorial. Each reference stage was studied separately. It was concluded that using desiccant herbicides in mungbean favors early harvest compared to natural drying in the field. Desiccation with diquat and gluphosinate does not improve yield whenever performed at a 30%-mature pods stage, although ammonium gluphosinate may have shown greater potential when applied at a later stage compared to the control. Delayed harvest of mungbean reduces yield components and grain yield, regardless the use of desiccation.