O Ingresso de meninas em situação de migração forçada no Brasil: análise do mínimo existencial com base nos dados oficiais de 2018 a 2021

Abstract

The present research proposes to understand how the entrance of forced migration girls has been treated in Brazil and the guarantee of the existential minimum. In summary, the main objective of the research is to understand: in practice, based on data from 2018 to 2021, asking who are these forced migrant girls in Brazil. Algo, understanding how their legal and gender vulnerabilities impact on reducing the existential minimum. The specific objectives of the research are: knowing the legal situation in Brazil regarding borders and the defense of the human rights of female children, having International Human Rights as a paradigm in order to adapt its legal and social approach; analyzing the quantification of girls in situations of forced migration and their access to basic rights, considering the perspective of the child as an individual under 18 years of age, as indicated by the International Convention on the Rights of the Child, and girls as a connexin between gender and childhood; it's measured the national comparatives by official data from 2018 to 2021 and to draw perspectives for the future, carrying out the comparison of legal feasibility by the existential minimum. Furthermore, the hypothesis raised are: a) girls in a situation of forced migration have greater difficulty in accessing education; b) the minority of these girls manage to become regularized in Brazil through the refugee institute; c) there is significant social misunderstanding and fear of dealing with the issue. Therefore, following the methodological orientation of Lakatos and Marconi, a qualitative and deductive research will be carried out, divided into two methodological moments, the first will be a mapping of academic research produced in recent years, with a focus from 2018, building a bibliographic review through legislative and documentary reading. In the second moment, data from the years 2018 to 2021 on the subject will be cataloged to systematize them and highlight them with their social relationships, through questions about age, gender, entry status, and access to basic rights such as health and education. Finally, to achieve these goals, as a theoretical framework, it will use Robert Alexy's existential minimum theory and Amartya Sen's economic theory with regard to individuals' capacities and access to justice, basic assumptions for social development.