Atributos físicos do solo sob tipos de transbordos em colheita mecanizada de cana crua

Abstract

Use of devices with higher capacities and transport operation has been employed in mechanized harvesting of sugarcane, to better harvesting efficiency. These devices, due to its mass, plus the mass of cane carrying, have been considered as important causes of soil compaction and consequently negatively impact the crop. The objective of this study was to evaluate the least limiting water range of an Oxisol under mechanized sugarcane harvesting first cut with different transshipments. The study was conducted in the area of Finance Dallas in Ponta Porã - MS in crop year 2012/13. The experimental design was randomized blocks with five replications. The treatments were harvesting green cane with: T1 - harvester without transshipment; T2 - combine two transshipment capacity of 10 Mg each; T3 - harvester and transshipment capacity of 20 Mg; T4 harvester and truck transshipment with two compartments with a capacity of 10 Mg each. Each experimental unit received two of the harvester and two passes of the wheel sets of transshipments. Soil samples were collected at 0.40 m in row. Except T1, the other treatments were loaded with 20 Mg of sugarcane. Soil samples were collected with preserved structure in cylinders, centered at depths of 0.10 and 0.20 m for determination of limiting water range. It was observed that all the treatments affected negatively the IHO at the depth of 0.10 m while the 0.20m no significant reduction. T2, T3 and T4 treatments showed similar impacts on soil physical quality.