O Caso Ximenes Lopes na Corte Interamericana de Direitos Humanos: impactos no Brasil

Abstract

This research explores the issue of human rights in connection with the case of Ximenes Lopes, which highlights the violence that took place inside a psychiatric hospital in Brazil that was linked to the Unified Health System (SUS). Negligence and infractions in the treatment of people with mental disorders led to the condemnation of the Brazilian State by the Inter-American Court of Human Rights. In order to investigate the response to complaints of human rights violations, this study uses the boomerang model, proposed by Keck and Sikkink, as a theoretical framework explaining how transnational networks played a role pressuring the Brazilian State. It also demonstrates how national actors turn to international support when their governments fail to adequately address their concerns, thus reinforcing the importance of international human rights norms in protecting and promoting these rights. The research also sheds light on the challenges encountered in guaranteeing human rights in the government of Jair Bolsonaro. The questioning of policies and its manifold demonstrations have jeopardized the advances previously achieved, especially in the fight against discrimination, undermining the dignity and social integration of people with mental disorders in Brazil. In light of the challenging environment of the Bolsonaro government, it becomes evident that safeguarding human rights requires resilience and the ability to face political obstacles. To prevent situations like that of Ximenes Lopes from happening again, it is essential to intensify efforts in the defense of human rights, particularly in the field of mental health. In doing so, we can ensure that the dignity and rights of individuals are consistently maintained and protected.