Análise de fatores mistos no estudo de características de bovinos de corte

Abstract

Brazil is responsible for a high production and export of beef in natura format, i.e. commodities with an emphasis on national production. Due to modernization and market trends, there is a new demand for a specific meat of higher quality. In order to meet this market niche several carcass bonus protocols have been created in slaughterhouses, which aim to obtain superior quality cuts when compared to commodities, with a strict carcass classification program. The state of Mato Grosso do Sul counts on some active protocols in private and governmental formats, such as: Precoce MS, cota hilton, lista trace, JBS quality lighthouse, nelore natural and angus certification. These are programs that aim to reward qualified carcasses through their proven quality standards. The objective of the research was to explore the dimensionality, by means of mixed factor analysis, of an original set of beef cattle production and finishing variables. The characteristics used in the study were the type of finishing, breed, sex, precocity and fatness, contributing in practice with information for decision making, which directs to process improvements and greater results. The method used was based on a mixed factor analysis using R software, which summarized information from an extensive and varied database with qualitative and quantitative characteristics, generating tables and graphical representations for analysis. The data come from a farm located in the municipality of Nova Andradina MS, active in the production of beef cattle full cycle, referring to the year of activity 2019, including information from animals slaughtered in the period 3,612 individuals analyzed. Positive groupings were identified for type of termination, value, arrobas and weight showing that the practice adopted in the termination of animals is appropriate, and other groupings for precocious animals with greater range in bonus protocols beacon of quality JBS and natural nelore, showing that the management of production and termination are efficient to explore the genetic potential of each sex according to the type of termination adopted. The most influential variables in the termination process were weight, sex and type of termination, which led to a greater added value in the marketing of carcasses. Furthermore, it was verified that Aberdeen Angus half-breeds present good fat finishing, when finished in intensive pasture or confined systems, linked to a higher carcass yield generating excellent results.