Estratégias de dessecação pré-colheita em soja enlist: um cenário sem glufosinato sal de amônio

Abstract

The ammonium glufosinate is positioned in the soybean’s pre-harvest desiccation. However, it’s not possible its utilization in ENLIST® varieties due to its tolerance to the herbicide. This way, it was aimed to evaluate the performance of different herbicides and doses, positioned isolated and/or associated in ENLIST®’s soybean pre-harvest desiccation. For which, it was done one experiment at field, in casualized blocks with four repetitions. In soybean’s phenological state of R7.3, it were applied the following treatments: T1-saflufenacil; T2-flumioxazin; T3-carfentrazone; T4-diquat; T5-diquat + flumioxazin; T6-diquat + amicarbazona; T7-diquat + saflufenacil; T8-diquat + carfentrazona; T9-florpyrauxifen; T10-florpyrauxifen + flumioxazin; T11-florpyrauxifen + tiafenacil; T12-florpyrauxifen + amicarbazona; T13-florpyrauxifen + saflufenacil; T14-florpyrauxifen + carfentrazone; T15-tiafenacil; T16-tiafenacil + diquat; T17-tiafenacil + florpyrauxifen; T18-amicarbazone; T19-Witness with no herbicide application. At 3, 5, 7 and 10 days after the treatments application (DAT) it was conducted evaluations of soybean’s grains moisture, visual defoliation, desiccation and evaluated the green color levels through computational software ImageJ. The statistical analysis were conducted through GAMLLAS with Beta Distribution or Gumbel and constructed Catterpilar plots for treatments comparison. For the defoliation evaluation, at 3 DAA, no treatment reached 80%. But at 5 DAA, T4-diquat; T5-diquat + flumioxazin; T6-diquat + amicarbazona; T8-diquat + carfentrazona and T16-tiafenacil + diquat presented defoliation superior to 80%. At 7 DAA, the same treatments, and T7-diquat + saflufenacil and T15-tiafenacil, reached 100% of defoliation. Finally, at 10DAA, only T1-saflufenacil and T19-Witness didn’t reach the defoliation percentual of 80%. In relation to desiccation, at 3, 5 and 7 DAA the data was similar to the ones obtained for defoliation, only at 10 DAA, the treatment T19-Witness differed from the others with percentual inferior to 80%, and the treatments with the herbicide diquat presented faster effect and the isolated application of the other herbicides obtained slower efficiency. The membrane’s disruption evaluation demonstrated that the treatments with at least one PROTOX’s inhibitor herbicide presented the greatest values and only T9-florpyrauxifen; T11-florpyrauxifen + tiafenacil and T17-tiafenacil + florpyrauxifen, in other words, the treatments with the presence of florpyrauxifen resulted in damages inferior to 10% and similar to the ones obtained by T19-Witness. For the evaluation of grains moisture, all treatments obtained significant reduction, but indifferent to each other, and the Witness presented the highest values (20%). Thus, it’s concluded that there’s the possibility of positioning different herbicides and its associations in ENLIST®’s soybean.