História do curso de magistério da Escola Franciscana Imaculada Conceição no município de Dourados-MT/MS (1974-1991)

Abstract

This research is part of a set of academic studies on the history of teacher education in Brazil and, more specifically, on the history of teacher education in the State of Mato Grosso/Mato Grosso do Sul. Its general objective was to analyze the history of the Teaching Course at the Escola Franciscana Imaculada Conceição, currently located in the city of Dourados, State of Mato Grosso do Sul, seeking to understand the process of its creation, installation and operation in the referred institution, in the period from 1974 to 1991. The time frame of the research is justified by two historical moments: the year 1974 signals changes in the process of teacher training at the Escola Franciscana Imaculada Conceição, with the end of the Normal School and the installation of the Teaching Course, due to the Law Reform nº 5.692/1971, which caused the Normal School to lose its status and be transformed into a Specific Qualification Course for Teaching; 1991 marks the end of the Teaching Course, with the graduation of its last class. The research was developed from the perspective of the New Cultural History and was based on a bibliography linked to the history of Mato Grosso/Mato Grosso do Sul, history of teacher training, history and historiography of education, curriculum, history of confessional education, history of Franciscan education, among others. The research employed two types of documents. The first one was from documentary sources, divided into written documents and photographic images. Documents from the Institution’s archives were used, such as minutes, minutes of final results, diplomas, enrollment lists, faculty list, curriculum structures, photographs, newspapers, among others; and from personal archives photographs, notebooks and internship folders. Another documentary nature adopted was that of oral sources, obtained through semi-structured interviews, privileging the memories of the graduates of the Course. The oral history was not used as a methodology, but the interviews. The collected data were analyzed through a historical perspective. The results indicate that the process of creation and installation of the Teaching Course at the Escola Franciscana Imaculada Conceição occurred due to the closure of the Normal Course at the institution due to the implementation of Law nº5.692/1971. During the period of operation of the Course, the Institution trained only women, and its teaching staff consisted mainly of female teachers, mostly Franciscan nuns. In the records, the presence of only three male teachers was found. The curricular organization of the Teaching Course was based on the legislation in force at the time, consisting of disciplines from a General Education Center and a Special Training Center. However, the disciplines that made up the curricular structure of the Teaching Course underwent changes over the period studied, such as the suppression and insertion of disciplines as well as their workload. The focused Teaching Course had disciplines in the curricular structure whose main objective was to teach future teachers to “know how to do it”, thus reinforcing the technical nature of this Teacher Training Course. Thus, during the 17 years of operation of the Teaching Course of the Escola Franciscana Imaculada Conceição, 295 women were trained, who received the diploma with the qualification to teach as teachers of 1st and 4th series, of the former 1stdegree, obeying the Law nº 5.692/1971, thus contributing to the training of teachers in Dourados and region.