Gestão da educação especial no sistema municipal de ensino de Ponta Porã/MS (2020–2022)

Abstract

This dissertation is linked to the research line of Education Policies and Management of the Postgraduate Program in Education (PPGEdu) of the School of Education (FAED) of the Federal University of Grande Dourados (UFGD) and was developed as part of a larger research project entitled “Special education policies: discourses, transversalities, and actions in the context of practice”, which focuses on Brazilian special education policies, with emphasis on macro and micro contextual relations, especially in scenarios in the state of Mato Grosso do Sul. Particularly, in this dissertation, the following study question was chosen: how is special education configured in the municipal education system of Ponta Porã/MS, and what are the actions proposed by the management team of the Municipal Department of Education, Sports, Culture and Leisure (SEME), in the period from 2020 to 2022, for the school inclusion of public-target students of special education (PAEE)? In order to answer this question, it was defined as a general objective to analyze the actions of representatives of the management team of the SEME of Ponta Porã/MS related to the inclusion of PAEE students. In this sense, the following specific objectives were listed: to contextualize the leading international, national, and Mato Grosso do Sul state policy texts on special education from the inclusive education perspective; to characterize the municipal school system of Ponta Porã/MS, with emphasis on the local special education policy from the inclusive education perspective; to analyze the special education educational management actions for school inclusion, from the interpretation processes of the subjects who work in the municipal school system of Ponta Porã/MS. As for the theoretical and methodological perspective, the investigation sought to approach the Policy Cycle Approach (ACP), developed by Stephen J. Ball and collaborators, with emphasis on the contexts of influence, production of the text, and practice. Regarding the methodological procedures, the research is characterized as qualitative, with the use of bibliographic and documental research and empirical survey, having as locus the municipality of Ponta Porã/MS — SEME — and as participants six professionals who work in the field of educational management in the municipal education system. The data production technique used was interviews with semi-structured scripts. For the data analysis produced by these interviews, the thematic analysis was used, from which five thematic axes were elaborated, namely: a) articulations within SEME; b) guidance given to schools; c) meeting the demands of the special education services offered to the PAEE; d) training for professionals; e) progress and challenges for school inclusion in the municipal education system of Ponta Porã/MS. The results show that: a) there is evidence of intersectionality among the areas of Education, Health, and Social Assistance, especially for the access to medical reports; b) the transfer of information to schools in the education network happens broadly, but there is a need for internal coordination between the sectors of SEME for the treatment of school inclusion of PAEE students; c) the reports suggest an agile service to meet the demands of the PAEE, and the main services of special education in the municipal education system are the support teachers and the multifunctional resource rooms; d) there are records of continuous training in school inclusion for professionals in the municipal education network; e) as for the main achievements, the search for meeting the demands of the PAEE; as for the main challenges, there is the need to meet the demands of Brazilian-Paraguayan students. In conclusion, it is emphasized the relevance of the SEME's educational management. However, there is an urgent need for better integration between sectors of the management team, as well as attention to the border context, its PAEE students, and their particularities.