Adesão ao tratamento de pacientes com insuficiência cardíaca internados em um hospital universitário

Abstract

to characterize the profile and analyze adherence to treatment of patients with heart failure (HF) admitted to the ward and Intensive Care Unit (ICU) of a university hospital located in the Brazilian Center-West. Methods: cross-sectional, descriptive study, conducted with patients admitted to the ward and the ICU, with a previous diagnosis of HF. Patients' socioeconomic and clinical data were collected. An instrument composed of 10 questions was used to assess treatment adherence, with scores ranging from 0 to 26 points. Values equal to or greater than 18 points were established as the cut-off point for patients adhering to treatment. Results: 13 patients with HF participated in the study, of which 7 were admitted to the ward and 6 to the ICU. The mean age was 67.3±17.1 and 75.83±14.44, respectively. In the ward there was a predominance of men while in the ICU there was a predominance of women. The mean score of adherence to treatment in those who were hospitalized in the ward was 13.9±2.3 points, higher than that found in the ICU, with a mean of 11.0±3.5 points. There was a good adherence of the patients to the questions about the correct use of the prescribed medications and the non-ingestion of alcoholic beverages. There was a low adherence of the patients to the questions about the control of the daily consumption of liquids. None of the patients reported checking their daily weight. 57.1% of the patients in the ward stated that they did not use ready-to-eat seasoning in the preparation of meals and 50% of the patients treated in the ICU answered that they use it normally. 42.9% of the patients in the ward and 33.3% of the patients in the ICU answered that they had not missed appointments in the last 15 days. Conclusion: patients with HF treated at the University Hospital have low adherence to the established treatment, especially in relation to non-pharmacological measures, such as fluid restriction, control of weight measurement and attendance at appointments. These findings demonstrate the need to focus on the treatment management of patients with HF at the primary or secondary level.