Achegas para uma história do audiovisual autoral dos povos indígenas de MS: a etno-historiofotia nos filmes da Ascuri – Associação Cultural dos Realizadores Indígenas

Abstract

In this thesis, I seek to demonstrate that in films by the collective Cultural Association of Indigenous Filmmakers from Mato Grosso do Sul, Brasil - ASCURI there is an alternative historiophoty to that conceptualized by Hayden White and Robert Rosenstone, which, I intend, will come to be known by the notion of “ethnohistoriophoty”. A preliminary bibliographic survey carried out since before contact suggested that there were and are few Amerindian historians and little historiography produced by indigenous people, however, mainly the works of Serge Gruzinski, Sanjay Seth and Michel-Rolph Trouillot, allowed the induction that the indigenous peoples almost always expressed their historicities that, in general, remained without visibility. In the present time, these historiographies has become explicit through different means and ways, especially those related to audiovisual. I argue that, despite the unfavorable historical situations they have experienced over the centuries, part of the ethnic groups in the south of MS have improved the production and the dissemination of their knowledge and, through a present-day history approach, I demonstrate that members of the Guarani, Terena and Kaiowá peoples have developed numerous initiatives to assume a palpable role not only in their history, but also in certain historiographical production about them, carrying out diverse authorial audiovisual production, full of historicity, with signs of important and unprecedented historiophoty non-canonical. The following films by the collective are referenced: “Jepea’yta – The main firewood”, “Yvy reñoi, seed of the earth”, and “Ta`anga ymã - images never die”. Considerations are also made regarding the relationships between cinema, audiovisual, history and indigenous peoples and a panel is presented with the main video artists and collectives from Mato Grosso do Sul.