Uma análise comparativa do mercado de trabalho e da escolaridade no Centro-Oeste entre os anos de 2013 e 2023

Abstract

Improving the level and quality of education is essential for a country's development and plays a key role in securing better jobs, higher wages, and lower unemployment rates. Understanding the importance of education, this study examines the relationship between educational indicators and labor market outcomes for young adults (ages 15 to 24) in Brazil's Centro-Oeste region. Using data from the Continuous National Household Sample Survey (PNADC) from the first quarter of 2013 and 2023, the study analyzes variables such as gender, race/color, residence area, years of schooling, occupation, social security contributions, and work hours. Descriptive analysis reveals notable progress among women in achieving higher levels of education and a reduction in illiteracy rates for both genders. However, disparities persist, particularly among Black and Mixed-race populations, who continue to have slightly higher illiteracy rates compared to White individuals. A comparison of 2013 and 2023 data shows overall improvements in educational attainment, with more individuals completing secondary and higher education. Despite ongoing inequalities, particularly among Indigenous and Black populations, there is evidence of progress in educational opportunities. Furthermore, in 2023, there was a notable increase in individuals holding two or more jobs compared to 2013, suggesting a greater need for supplementary income or engagement in informal work. The analysis concludes that education continues to significantly influence work conditions, with higher educational levels linked to more balanced work hours and formal job opportunities, while those with lower education are more likely to face demanding work conditions or exclusion from the labor market.