Relação entre a frequência de micronúcleos e as variáveis físicas e químicas da água em tilapicultura em tanque-rede

Abstract

The production of freshwater fish, especially Nile tilapia (Oreochromis niloticus), stands out for its economic relevance and contribution to the United Nations Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs), such as eradicating hunger (SDG 2), promoting health and well-being (SDG 3), fostering sustainable economic growth (SDG 8), conserving marine life (SDG 14), and strengthening global partnerships (SDG 17). This study, conducted at the Itamaraty Settlement in Ponta Porã (MS), aimed to evaluate the relationship between the frequency of micronuclei (MN) in Nile tilapia farmed in cage systems and the physical and chemical variables of water (pH, dissolved oxygen, ammonia, and temperature), as well as to analyze temporal and property-based differences. The results showed no significant correlation between micronuclei frequency and the analyzed variables. However, statistically significant differences were observed over time, particularly in February, possibly linked to surface runoff and the introduction of sediment containing pollutants. Differences were also detected between the properties, suggesting that local factors, such as management practices and specific environmental conditions, might have influenced the frequency of micronuclei. This study highlights the importance of using Nile tilapia as bioindicators in assessing environmental impacts and underscores the micronucleus test as an efficient and sensitive tool for monitoring genotoxicity in aquaculture systems. By integrating environmental sustainability and responsible production practices, the study contributes to the development of safer aquaculture methods, fostering economic and ecological benefits aligned with the SDGs.