Avaliação do potencial larvicida de extratos vegetais de espécies do gênero Aristolochia e de seus produtos de bioconversão por Battus polydamas

Abstract

The spread of Aedes aegypti is increasingly becoming a global public health problem, especially in subtropical countries such as Brazil. The development of new insecticides and/or natural strategies to control this vector is essential to reduce arbovirus cases. In this context, the aim of this study was to evaluate the larvicidal activity of methanolic extracts of Aristolochia ringens, Aristolochia pohliana and their bioconversion products by Battus polydamas, and to characterize their major substances. For that, assays of larvicidal activity were carried out in Aedes aegypti and chemical analysis of the extracts by Nuclear Magnetic Resonance (NMR) was performed. As a result of larvicidal bioassays, all extracts were considered active, highlighting all extracts of the species A. pohliana. Regarding the chemical characterization, the presence of collagenic acid was observed as a major substance for A. ringens and two major substances characterized as (-)-kusunoquinine and dimethylmatairesinol, for A. pohliana, the same was observed for the bioconversion extracts. Thus, we can conclude that both leaf and feces extracts have larvicidal potential against the A. aegypti vector, and that further studies are needed to analyze the various substances that are included in the extracts.