Soroprevalência de anticorpos IgM E IgG de SARS-COV-2 em doadores de sangue do hemocentro de Dourados - MS

Abstract

The start of global vaccination campaigns against coronavirus disease (COVID-19) caused by the SARS-CoV-2 virus marked an important advance in controlling the transmission and spread of the virus. An important determinant in the immune response against viral infection is the production of neutralizing antibodies that emerge rapidly in the human body after SARS-CoV-2 infection and/or vaccination, and are maintained by the body for several months. Several recent studies suggest a correlation between the level of antibodies generated by different vaccines against COVID-19 and their effectiveness after vaccination. The serological assessment of these antibodies against SARS-CoV-2 can be essential material to measure the prevalence and long-term durability in the immune system, in addition to providing information about immunity and risk factors in the population. Given this scenario, this work aimed to estimate the seroprevalence of IgG and IgM anti-SARS-CoV-2 antibodies in a population of blood donors at the Hemocentro de Dourados, through peripheral blood collection, between August/2021 and July/ 2022, in patients who agreed to participate in the study. The samples were sent to the Health Sciences Research Laboratory (LPCS/UFGD), where they were subjected to the rapid 2019-NCOV IgG and IgM combo test. Of the total of 412 patients analyzed, 89.5% presented positive results for IgG and 6.9% for IgM; 97.4% were vaccinated against COVID-19, of these, 47.9% with two doses, 14.8% with one dose and 30.8% with three doses and 7.1% with four doses. Of the total, 44.4% decare that they took AstraZeneca, 51.0% Pfizer, 15.1% CoronaVac and 13.2% Janssen. In this context, seroprevalence research is extremely important for the epidemiological control of the disease and for evaluating the persistence of detectable antibodies after vaccination. We believe that optimizing the immune response through collective immunization helps combat and control infection, improving the chances of recovery and offering protection against infection.