Avaliação da toxicidade reprodutiva pré-clínica do extrato etanólico dos frutos da guavira (Campomanesia pubescens)

Abstract

Campomanesia pubescens (O. Berg) Mattosis a native Brazilian plantspecies widely used in food and folk medicine. The influence of Campomanesia pubescens on embryonic development is not yet known. Thus, this study aimed to evaluate the safety of consuming the ethanolic extract of Campomanesia pubescens fruits in a reproductive toxicity model. A systematic review of studies with Campomanesia pubescens was carried out to synthesize the evidence available in the literature on biochemical characterization and potential biological following the PRISMA protocol. The following databases were consulted: PubMed, Web of Sciences, CENTRAL, and Scopus, with studies published until december, 2023. Extracts from different parts of Campomanesia pubescens have a high content of functional compositions with antioxidant, antimicrobial, and anti-inflammatory action without evidence toxicity and/or genotoxicity. Due to the importance of toxicity tests for the consumption of the plant, an experimental study was implemented to evaluate the effect of the ethanolic extract of the plant's fruits on reproductive toxicity in an animal model. The extract was obtained from peeled fruits. This experiment was conducted by segment II of the reproductive toxicity protocol. 88 female Wistar rats were used. The animals were classified into the following groups: saline negative control (CN), positive control (cyclophosphamide control – CP), groups treated with EEFCP- ethanoic extract of Campomanesia pubescens fruits at doses 125 mg/kg (CP125), 250 mg/kg (CP250), 500 mg/kg (CP500), 1000 mg /kg (CP500). mg/kg (CP1000). It showed a significant antioxidant effect in the DPPH, ABTS and FRAP assays. There were no statistical differences in any of the analyzed parameters. Therefore, it is concluded that the ethanolic extract of Campomanesia pubescens fruits has a low level of toxicity in the reproductive phase and, at the doses tested, does not contain mutagenic effects.