Qualidade da semeadura e o desenvolvimento da cultura da soja

Abstract

Soybean is one of the main agricultural commodities in South America and plays a fundamental role in the regional economy. This study includes an analysis of the economic aspects related to soybean and a review of sowing and agricultural monitoring techniques. The aim of this study was to evaluate the sowing quality and development of the soybean crop (Glycine max) in the 2024/2025 harvest, in an area located in the municipality of Pedro Juan Caballero, Paraguay. The study was conducted in an area of 74.18 ha, where data on plant stand and longitudinal distribution were collected using a regular sampling grid. In addition, the vegetation indices NDVI, NDRE and EVI were calculated with images obtained from the Sentinel-2A satellite throughout the crop cycle. The data were analyzed using descriptive statistics, geostatistics and correlation analysis. The soybean crop had a normal and uniform development in the area, with intense vegetative growth. The stand was adequate, however, the longitudinal distribution shows that just over half of the spacings are adequate, due to the high values of gaps and doubles. The NDVI and EVI indices were the most effective for monitoring the evolution of canopy biomass. The NDRE maintained low values throughout the crop cycle, ideal for detecting variations at the end of the cycle.