Contribuições do Sul Global para o sistema internacional de Direitos Humanos: a participação da América Latina

Abstract

The aim of this work is to revisit the Latin American tradition of human rights, with a focus on how Latin America influenced the construction of the international system responsible for protecting these rights as we know it today, and to demonstrate how the region remains a staunch advocate in this area. To achieve this, an initial presentation of international organizations and mechanisms was conducted to highlight their importance for the protection of human rights and the means by which these mechanisms operate. Decolonial and post-colonial approaches were utilized, focusing on discussions developed by Aníbal Quijano and Walter Mignolo regarding coloniality and modernity, and how they influence the production of knowledge in underdeveloped and developing countries. Based on this understanding, this research seeks to determine the extent to which Latin America's contributions are important to the formation of the international human rights system. For this purpose, theoretical materials related to the formation of the international human rights system were utilized, as well as decolonial concepts aimed at the export of intellectual knowledge from the Global North to the Global South and an exposition of the main Latin American contributions to human rights. The analysis of this material revealed that the Global South - focusing on Latin America - actively participated in discussions often perceived as products of the Global North experiences, but this participation is affected by the colonialism present in the history of these countries. It was also understood that these countries remain present in international debates through the development of their own tools, such as SIMORE developed by Paraguay, and the participation in UN bodies, such as the Working Group on the Right to Development. The research contributed to a discussion on the coloniality present in various themes of the Global South and how it interferes with the recognition of these countries' presence in significant international discussions.