As implicações da Revisão Periódica Universal para a luta antirracista brasileira

Abstract

This work focuses on the recommendations made for Brazil during the third cycle of the Universal Periodic Review (UPR) with regard to the fight against racism. Since civil society is the one demanding that the government implement policies to overcome racial inequalities, it is necessary to analyze the political and social mobilization strategies of the Brazilian black movement, especially in the first decade of the 2000s, as well as its actions with regard to the internationalization of the Brazilian anti-discrimination agenda. Therefore, the following question was asked: has the state formulated anti-racist policies in the light of the recommendations proposed in the UPR? The general objective of the research is to analyze, in the documents of the UPR, how Brazilian civil society has acted in the anti-racist struggle to guarantee the implementation of policies to reduce racial inequality. Although many spaces address these discussions, the theme proposed by the work seems to be constantly invisibilized. Therefore, it is considered extremely important to address this issue in the context of International Relations, given that there is an international regime to combat racism in which Brazil, a signatory to numerous treaties that guarantee the rights of minorities, neglects policies to reduce inequalities. Despite the fact that the Brazilian state recognizes the problem of racism and commits itself to the anti-racism struggle before the UPR, in an attempt to avoid criticism from civil society, UN bodies and other countries, in practice, this commitment is not fully implemented in concrete public policies, with real plans to tackle racism. As theoretical-methodological aspects, the boomerang (Keck and Sikkink, 1998) and spiral (Risse and Sikkink, 1999) models were presented to explain the role of transnational activist networks as responsible for the processes of socialization of human rights norms proposed to states. Finally, it was concluded that Brazil still falls short in the process of effectively implementing public policies to combat racism and overcome racial inequality.