As ações da rede municipal de ensino de Dourados-MS no biênio de 2020 e 2021 durante a pandemia de Covid-19

Abstract

This Master Thesis is part of the Education Policies and Management research topics of the Graduate Program in Education (PPGEdu) of the Faculty of Education (FAED) of the Federal University of Grande Dourados (UFGD). The research object is to analyze the actions of the Municipal Education Network (REME) of Dourados/MS to provide adequate condition to offer basic education, in the years 2020 and 2021, during the outbreak of coronavirus disease (COVID-19). In times of difficult decision-making, intense disputes were fought on the Brazilian political scene, especially regarding the autonomy and competencies of the federative entities, which could threaten national stability, governance, and the legitimacy of intergovernmental relations. In the face of the serious health situation that has taken hold worldwide since 2019, with serious implications that could last for years in several areas, the Brazilian federal government has delayed implementing to detection, prevention, and control of the virus. Brazil is a country characterized by cultural, ethnic, demographic, socioeconomic, territorial, and institutional heterogeneity; in the social areas, very little specific action has been taken regarding the most vulnerable populations. Thus, this study has a proposal within the scope of public policy formulation, with a qualitative approach methodology and supported by a bibliographical and documental research. The selection of the corpus of analysis instruments was based on the development of the documental research, which was constituted after a browsing the official websites of the World Health Organization (WHO), the Pan-American Health Organization (PAHO), the United Nations Children's Fund (UNICEF), the United Nations Educational, Scientific, and Cultural Organization (UNESCO), the Fundação Osvaldo Cruz (Fiocruz), and in the official gazette of the Brazilian Federal Government, the Mato Grosso do Sul State Government and the Municipality of Dourados. It was searched for the main documents that guided the formulation of educational political-normative devices. A total of 518 documents were analyzed and 12 were selected as the object of analysis of the intercessions between international organizations and the relations between the spheres of government at the national level, and then, at the local level, to analyze the autonomy of Municipal Management, as a federative entity, in the implementation of educational policies in the context of Covid-19 pandemic. As a result, it can be seen that there was no integration of educational policies and proposals at the beginning of the pandemic, and without an organic structure of policies in the country, states and municipalities acted in a fragmented and disjointed way. Following the example of many Brazilian municipalities, which have a low state level in terms of execution of public policies, Dourados did not have the readiness and capacity to respond quickly to give immediate continuity to the 2020 school year. It is possible to conclude that the educational management of the REME of Dourados, during 2020 and 2021, acted in a heterogeneous way in order to preserve and maintain the existing order to meet the minimum requirements for the school calendars affected by the state of public calamity.