Felicidade no trabalho: a temática e suas formas de abordagem

Abstract

Happiness at work involves the well-being and satisfaction that a person feels in their professional environment, going beyond daily tasks to include the balance between personal, emotional, and social aspects. The concept includes physical well-being, satisfaction, motivation, achievement, and its impact on performance. Due to the broad scope and diversity of approaches to the topic, the question that guides this work is: How is happiness at work defined in contemporary literature, and what methods of analysis are used to study happiness in the context of organizations? The objective of this study was to identify how happiness at work is addressed in scientific literature and what methods of happiness analysis are applied in the organizational context. Specifically, it sought to present the main findings of studies that have examined happiness at work and provide a research agenda based on the opportunities identified in these studies. The research, based on the PRISMA protocol, conducted a systematic bibliographic and descriptive review, collecting data from SciELO, Scopus, Web of Science, and Spell, resulting in 21 selected articles. Of the studies, 13 adopted quantitative methods, four qualitative, three mixed, and one was an integrative review. Regarding happiness constructs, 12 articles emphasized "satisfaction," and nine associated "well-being" with happiness at work. In terms of analysis methods, factor analysis, Structural Equation Modeling, and Cronbach’s Alpha were the most used in the articles. The study proposes as a research agenda the realization of investigations that integrates variables such as physical and mental health, working conditions, and leadership support, aiming to better understand happiness at work. It also recommends a more precise definition of the concept, avoiding its reduction to satisfaction and well-being. Finally, it suggests analyzing the evolution of perceptions of happiness and satisfaction at work overtime, considering changes and adaptations by employees.