Índice de desenvolvimento dos municípios da Microrregião de Dourados-MS: uma aplicação da análise fatorial

Abstract

Since the phenomenon of development is complex and multisectoral, attempts to measure it should contemplate this complexity, presupposing they are apt to work with numerous variables that include its dimensions. In this sense, the general objective of this paper is to analyze the influence of economic, social, environmental and institutional factors on the development level of the fifteen municipalities that compose the Microregion of Dourados, in Mato Grosso do Sul, in the year 2010, from fourteen variables that measure these aspects. Among those, there are variables economic, of the agribusiness, social assistance, health, education, employment, electric energy consumption, urban infrastructure and institutional. The method used was the factorial analysis, one of techniques of the multivariate statistical. The paper found that the main determinant of the development process was the factor Performance Socioeconomic-Environmental-Institutional and the second main determinant was the factor Agribusiness Performance, responsible for explaining 53.55% and 37.64% of total variance of the data, respectively. The Development Index pointed that the Microregion of Dourados presented only two municipalities (Dourados and Ponta Porã) with a high degree of development, six municipalities (Maracaju, Rio Brilhante, Amambai, Caarapó, Nova Alvorada do Sul and Itaporã) with medium degree of development and seven municipalities (Fátima do Sul, Aral Moreira, Laguna Carapã, Antonio João, Juti, Douradina and Vicentina) with low degree of development, which denotes that there are great disparities among municipalities in terms of level of development.