Inclusão racial no serviço público federal: a Lei nº 12.990/2014 e as transformações no quadro técnico-administrativo da UFGD (2015-2023)

Abstract

Racial inequality in the Brazilian labor market did not disappear with the abolition of slavery—it reorganized itself, and one of its most persistent characteristics is the underrepresentation of the Black population in the federal public service. Law No. 12,990/2014, by reserving 20% of vacancies in federal public service examinations for Black candidates, represented an undeniable normative advance, but did it contribute to transforming the racial profile of the technical-administrative staff of the Federal University of Grande Dourados (UFGD)? This dissertation analyzes the impacts of the law on the racial composition of the technicaladministrative staff of the Federal University of Grande Dourados (UFGD) between 2015 and 2023, based on a case study, with descriptive, documentary, and bibliographic research, and the application of a structured questionnaire to Black employees who entered through quotas. The data reveals real progress in Black representation within the institution, but this is insufficient given the gaps in the law's implementation—such as the lack of national standardization, outdated regulatory decrees, and the elimination of entry-level positions that removed an important gateway to public service for the Black population. The conclusion is that complementary policies of monitoring, transparency, and oversight are indispensable for the formally guaranteed right to translate into effective and lasting transformation in addressing racial inequalities in public service.