Inserção externa e competitividade do complexo soja Sul-Mato-Grossense

Abstract

The aim of this study is to analyze the dynamics of rates and sources of growth of export the soybean complex of Brazil and in Mato Grosso do Sul (MS) state, in the period 1997-2010. Were used as methodology, the Constant-Market-Share model, which allows to analyze the competitiveness factor as a source of export growth, the Revealed Comparative Advantage Index (IVCR) and the Regional Orientation Index (IOR). These indicators allow making inferences about the factors that affect the level of exports of soybean complex and their performance in the international market. The analyzes showed that the IVCR to Brazil and the state of MS presented comparative advantage for exports of soy complex products, with a growing trend for soybeans and decreasing for bran and soybean oil. The grain and oil export is more oriented to China, while the bran is directed to European Union. Regarding the sources of growth, in the first period, the competitiveness effect was that most contributed to exports of grain and oil, while exports of bran were more influenced by the growth of world trade effect. In the second period of analysis, all products of the soy complex had the growth of its exports leveraged by the growth of world trade. The study results point to the need to add value to products and investments in infrastructure to increase the competitiveness of exports the soybeans complex of Brazilian and the state of MS.