Estão falando de nós? o (des)pertencimento negro LGBTI+ e sua compreensão nas políticas públicas de Mato Grosso do Sul

Abstract

This research analyzes, from a historiographical and interdisciplinary perspective, the limits and contradictions of public policies aimed at the black LGBTI+ population in Mato Grosso do Sul, focusing on the Mapa da População LGBT+ Vulnerável (Map of the Vulnerable LGBT+ Population), prepared by the State and published in 2023. More than a technical instrument of social diagnosis, the MAPA is understood as a discursive artifact that materializes the ways in which public power names, classifies, and manages certain populations. While denouncing high rates of violence, the document also reveals structural silences by failing to fully incorporate racial, territorial, and socioeconomic markers, confirming that invisibility is a constitutive part of the state narrative. Although Mato Grosso do Sul ranks among the Brazilian states with the largest number of regulations directed at the LGBTI+ population and has one of the highest proportions of this population in the country, the racial dimension remains marginalized or treated in a fragmented way. The deliberations analyzed from the reports of the II (2011) and III (2016) National Conferences on LGBTI+ Public Policies reinforce this diagnosis, since, although they constitute democratic spaces of participation, they prove insufficient to ensure effective representation of the historical experiences of the black LGBTI+ population, reproducing hierarchies among social markers. The study engages with authors from history, law, sociology, gender studies, critical theory, and black thought, articulating concepts such as intersectionality, biopolitics, state of exception, recognition, and escrevivência. This articulation makes it possible to understand how different intellectual traditions converge to show that violence against the black LGBTI+ population is not a deviation or anomaly, but a structural product of the ways in which the State manages life, belonging, and citizenship. Historically, such practices of differential management of existence have been reproduced at different moments, revealing continuities between policies of invisibilization and mechanisms of precarization. By failing to fully recognize these subjects as rights-bearing citizens, public policies reinforce a logic that naturalizes inequalities and legitimizes social hierarchies. In this trajectory, the MAPA can be read not only as statistics, but as part of a documentary tradition that reveals both the advances and the limits of state action. Transforming statistics into memory, memory into denunciation, and denunciation into collective action means expanding the reach of the MAPA beyond technique, turning it into a living testimony of social plurality and a critical instrument in the struggle for recognition and justice. Thus, the document is inscribed in a broader narrative about the relationship between the State and historically marginalized populations. It demonstrates that the production of data is not neutral, but traversed by political and epistemological disputes. When appropriated as collective memory, the MAPA can contribute to the construction of new research agendas and social mobilization, connecting local experiences to national and global struggles for rights. In this way, the study reaffirms that understanding the limits and contradictions of public policies requires not only technical analysis, but also a historical and critical reading of the ways in which the State administers lives and recognizes citizenships.