Efeito antiobesidade e toxicidade aguda de Jacaranda decurrens subsp. symmetrifoliolata Farias & Proença (Bignoniaceae)

Abstract

Jacaranda decurrens subsp. symmetrifoliolata Farias & Proença (Jds) is used for various purposes in folk medicine, despite the scarcity of scientific investigations proving its effects. In this context, the objectives of this study were to evaluate the antiobesity effect of the Jacaranda decurrens subsp. symmetrifoliolata (ExJds) in Wistar rats with obesity induced by diet, as well as their acute toxicity. Leaves were collected, dried, grounded and macerated for 21 days in 80% ethanol, and the liquid was collected every seven days and new ethanol added. The extracted liquids were then mixed, rotoevaporated, lyophilized and solubilized in distilled water at the time of use. Wistar rats with approximately 400 g were induced to obesity by pre-treatment for six months on a hypercaloric diet and then treated by gavage for eight weeks with saline (NaCl 0.9%), ExJds (400 mg / kg) and sibutramine (2 mg / kg). During treatment, food intake (g), water intake (ml), and body mass (g) were evaluated. At the end of the treatment, the animals were euthanized, the blood collected for biochemical and hematological dosages and tissues / organs measured in g / 100g of body mass. For toxicity analysis, 15 Wistar rats with approximately 250 g were used and evaluated for 15 days after single oral dose of ExJds of 2 and 5 g / kg body weight. Data were submitted to ANOVA statistical analysis with Student Newman Keuls test, using GraphPad Prism 3.0 software. The level of significance was set at p <0.05. The animals treated with the ExJds showed reduction of total body mass and fat mass, and decreased white renal adipose tissue and subcutaneous tissue, similar to the effect observed in the animals treated with sibutramine, in addition to an increase in water intake and excretion of feces. No signs of toxicity were observed. The results indicate that ExJds reduces white adipose tissue without causing toxic effects.