Biofertilização com dejeto líquido de suínos na cultura do feijoeiro: efeitos na nodulação, no rendimento de grãos e na qualidade do solo

Abstract

The objective of the present study was to evaluate the effect of different doses of organic manure based biofertilizer from swine associated with inoculation with nitrogen-fixing bacteria on nodulation of bean plants and crop productivity. Two experimental trials were conducted, one in pots with soil under greenhouse conditions, Embrapa Agropecuária Oeste, in Golden, MS, and an essay in the Experimental Field of the Universidade Estadual de Mato Grosso do Sul, in the glory of Golden, MS, a soil classified as Red Argisols, Sandy texture. In addition to the control treatments (without nitrogen and without inoculation and nitrogen and without inoculation), were evaluated the following doses of pig biofertilizer: 60, 120, 180 and 240 m 3 ha-1 and for the greenhouse test doses: 0, 132, 198, 396 and 792 mL-1 , with and without inoculation with Rhizobium tropici (= SEMIA 4077). The soil microbial biomass carbon (C-BMS) was evaluated by fumigation-extraction method and microbial activity by respirometry method. The doses of biofertilizer of liquid pig waste influenced positively on nodulation (nodules) of the test conducted in the greenhouse. In the experiment the field, there was an increase in aboveground dry matter for all doses of liquid pig waste applied. The highest doses of biofertilizer high levels of total N were provided from the shoot of the beans similar to the nitrogen control in both experiments. In relation to the productivity of grain, there was a decrease with the implementation of the highest dose of biofertilizer in relation to mineral nitrogen fertilization control. For the analyses of BMS 120 doses, 180 and 240 m 3 ha-1 bio-fertilizer of liquid pig waste influenced positively the levels of soil microbial biomass carbon (C-BMS). The basal respiration (CO2-C) soil, the dose of 240 m 3 ha-1 resulted in increased microbial activity. In relation to indices derived from C-BMS, the levels of metabolic quotient (qCO2) and the microbial quotient (qMIC) and organic matter (MO) soil, no effect was observed under the application of biofertilizer and use of microbial inoculant.