Biodiversidade de flebotomíneos (Diptera: psychodidae) na aldeia indígena Jaguapiru, Dourados, Mato Grosso do Sul, 2008 - 2009: implicações epidemiológicas

Abstract

It is found favorable conditions in the indigenous village Jaguapiru that lead indigenous population to live under the human cases risks of leishmaniasis. This work aims to characterize the main environmental factors which may influence the dynamic of transmission of leishmaniasis in the village and to determine how these factors interact. Collects of specimens of sandflies were taken from December 2008 to November 2009 using CDC light traps and white and black Shannon traps. It was registered the presence of vectors known in the transmission of cutaneous leishmaniasis (CL) - Nyssomyia whitmani, Migonemyia migonei, Nyssomyia neivai, Pintomyia pessoai and visceral leishmaniasis (VL) - Lutzomyia longipalpis, inside both dwellings and peridomiciliary as well. The vectors of leishmaniasis were more abundant in the anthropic environment. In forest areas it was recorded positiveness for Leishmania by polymerase chain reaction (PCR), of species Nyssomyia whitmani, Pintomyia pessoai, Psathyromyia shannoni, Psathyromyia punctigeniculata, Evandromyia cortelezzii, Pintomyia christenseni and Brumptomyia galindoi. We found a favorable association in the composition and abundance of sandflies with the ecotopes from the collect (forest, residences, hospital). It was noticed there were changes in species composition besides having a higher diversity in the forest environment. There is a possibility that the transmission of Leishmania can be influenced by the presence of homes near the trees and by the species composition. The risk of transmission reflects the need to implement prevention activities and control of leishmaniasis vector.