Caracterização do potencial biotecnológico do Crambe abyssinica na alimentação de ruminante

Abstract

The objective of this study was to evaluate the growth kinetics of total microbiota, filamentous fungi and yeasts in the rumen of cattle treated with different concentrations of Crambe abyssinica pie and evaluate the antimicrobial activity of Crambe grains extract and fractions in Staphylococcus aureus ATCC 27664 , Escherichia coli ATCC 25922, Klebsiella pneumoniae ATCC 1706, Candida albicans ATCC 90028, Aspergiullus niger ATCC 6275, NRRL 1871 and Fusarium oxysporum and rumen isolated microorganisms. For rumen microbial growth evaluation, six treatments were analyzed with different Crambe pie inclusions to replace soybean meal, Treatment 1 (0%), Treatment 2 (2.5%), Treatment 3 (5%), Treatment 4 (10%), Treatment 5 (15%) and Treatment 6 (only ruminal fluid) at 0, 30, 60, 120 and 240 minutes. The experiment was performed in triplicate. To test the antimicrobial activity were used disk diffusion techniques with the ethanolic extract, hexane and hydroalcoholic fractions, and minimum inhibitory concentration determination (MIC) which was developed with the ethanolic extract, hexanic, ethyl acetate, chloroformic and hydroalcoholic fractions. We performed the palmitic acid MIC to verify if the antifungal activity in the hexane fraction was related to its presence. The total growth microbial kinetics results at the time of 120 minutes in the treatments 1, 2, 3, 4, 5 and 6 were 10.34, 8.61, 8.89, 9.12, 7.98 and 8.68 respectively, as the filamentous fungi and yeasts 3.13, 3.12, 3.18, 3.11, 3.14 and 3.24 respectively. The disk diffusion results allowed observing the ethanol extract inhibition zone on Escherichia coli ATCC 25922 and Candida albicans ATCC 90028, hydroalcoholic fraction on Staphylococcus aureus ATCC 27664 and Candida albicans ATCC 90028. At the MIC the ethanolic extract inhibited Escherichia coli ATCC 25922 (12.5 mg/mL), Candida albicans ATCC 90028 (25 mg/mL); hydroalcoholic fraction Staphylococcus aureus ATCC 27664 (6.25 mg/mL), Candida albicans ATCC 90028 (25 mg/mL); hexanic fraction Fusarium oxysporum NRRL 1871 (25 mg/mL); chloroformic fraction Candida albicans ATCC 90028 (1.56 mg/mL), Aspergillus niger ATCC 6275 (6.25 mg/mL); ethyl acetate fraction Fusarium oxysporum NRRL 1871 (3.12 mg/mL). The MIC analyzes showed that the ethanol extract and the other fractions in study showed no antimicrobial activity against the rumen isolated Gram-negative microorganisms. But all except the hydroalcoholic fraction, exhibited antifungal activity on the filamentous microorganism isolated from this environment. The palmitic acid antimicrobial activity was demonstrated on Candida albicans ATCC 90028 (0.5 mg/mL) and Aspergillus niger ATCC 6275 (1 mg/mL), with no antimicrobial activity on rumen isolates. The Crambe pie concentrations provided ruminal microbial growth except for treatments 2 and 5. The extracts from the Crambe abyssinica grains exhibited antimicrobial and antifungal activity of microorganisms ATCCs, which is considered a good result, requiring further studies regarding its pharmacological application.