Educação, democracia e inclusão racial: análise da efetividade da lei de cotas para negros em concursos docentes de universidades federais

Abstract

This thesis presents and analyzes Law no. 12.990 / 2014 as affirmative actions in federal government employment, which provides for the reserve of vacancies in 20% for self-declared black and brown candidates. The objective is to analyze specifically the quotas for black people in civil service entrance exams for teaching positions in the Brazilian Federal universities. The hypothesis of this work is that such federal Law is not effective, demanding actions to achieve its purposes. Insufficient regulation, inefficient job advertisements, poor quality of supervision and sanctions in relation to the hetero identification commission are possible factors of restriction to the effectiveness of the previously mentioned law.Those issues are discussed approaching three areas of knowledge: Law, Education and Sociology, based on the theorists Robert Dalh (2001) and Miguel Reale (2000), Severino (2000), Santos (2011) Meirelles (2000). The general objective is to evaluate and analyse the brazilian affirmative actions to probe the situation. Specifically, the study aims to identify the main factors that limit its effectiveness in civil service entrance exams for professors of federal universities and to determine the occupation of positions by quotas based on mechanisms of supply, selection, and provision. For that, the research methodology adopted is of an exploratory and analytical nature, using the quantitative and qualitative procedures. Bibliographical research was carried out as well as a survey on documentary sources of laws, draft laws, statistical surveys (IBGE, SIGEPE, PEP) and federal government vacancies for professors in higher education between 2014 and 2017.Subsequently, an analysis and balance of the supply and provision of vacancies for blacks was carried out in civil service entrance exams for university professors. After the survey, the data were systematized and tabulated in categories and analyzed on the limiting factors that are hindering the effectiveness of those affirmative actions for black professors in the federal public service. Finally, the results obtained show that the Law No. 12.990 / 2014 for Affirmative actions, despite having as its main purpose the insertion of black people (black and brown) in the federal public service, in the search for equal opportunities for all, has not achieved this as it should by finding limitations in its applicability on the part of the universities, regarding the organization and offer of vacancies in public announcements.