Epidemiologia, geoprocessamento e caracterização de espécies de Leishmania em amostras de medula de Leishmaniose visceral canina, no município de Campo Grande-MS

Abstract

Leishmaniasis are diseases caused by protozoa of the genus Leishmania, which are transmitted by the female bite of sandflies. The dog is the most important host for the transmission of the disease to humans, and canine visceral leishmaniasis (CVL) is a disease of great importance due to the large number of infected dogs and the intense parasitism in these animals. The objective of the study was to analyze the spatial distribution and characterize the epidemiological profile of LVC in Campo Grande, Mato Grosso do Sul. The distribution of the cases was established considering the macro regions and neighborhoods with the program QGIS 2.18 and a parasitological diagnosis and Polymerase Chain Reaction (PCR) in dogs with LVC positive serology. A total of 412 dogs provided by the Zoonoses Control Center were analyzed along with an individual file with epidemiological data. The parasitological diagnosis was performed on 352 marrow samples from which DNA extraction and PCR were performed with FLC2 / RLC2 primers amplifying for L. infantum. Most dogs were over one year old (79%), female (57%), non-breed (76%) and small (47%). The cases were more concentrated in the Anhanduizinho and Lagoa regions. The parasitological diagnosis was positive in 241 (68.47%) samples, whereas the PCR identified L. infantum in 293 (83.24%) samples. It is evident the need for control measures, especially in regions with a high number of LVC cases, such as vector control, use of collars and treatment of diseased dogs combined with euthanasia.