Cadeia produtiva avícola: análise das barreiras comerciais à exportação

Abstract

Brazil is the second largest producer of poultry meat in the world and the largest exporter of the product. Mato Grosso do Sul (MS) occupies the sixth position in the national export ranking and is the seventh in national production. The aim of the study was carrying out an evolutionary panorama of poultry industry in State of Mato Grosso do Sul, and characterize the influence of trade barriers imposed by imported countries of poultry meat in state's export growth, to establish opportunities and challenges to consolidate the region. To realize the evolutive scenario of poultry chain in MS, the period from 2007 to 2014 for production and export of Brazil, state of MS and Paraná (PR) was analyzed. Collected data of MS and PR were compared and was inserted in Brazilian production and export of poultry meat amount. To characterize trade barriers, opportunities and challenges of poultry chain, a documentary research was conducted, where a semi-structured questionnaire was applied with open and closed questions to Brazilian Association of Animal Protein and State Secretary of Production and Family Agriculture. Result showed that poultry chain is constantly developing in MS, which has rates of growth similar to that achieved by PR in the period, being of 40.19% in production and 43.2% in exports, demonstrating that the state has been able to follow sector's growth rates. Among the trade barriers was found that technical order is the most present, which shows the concern of importers with quality and safety of imported poultry meat. The most demanding countries are Saudi Arabia, United Arab Emirates, and Germany. Imposed trade barriers are not considered obstacles to growth industry in the state, however, the state is facing difficulties to attract new industries in cooperative model, as well as having high input costs for feed and energy. Therefore, the government's lack of incentive is an obstacle to further expansion of poultry chain in region. In this way, a greater incentive and understanding is needed from the government, industry, and society of the importance of poultry chain for regional development. The study is presented in article form, where the first chapter contains the general review of subject studied. The article of chapter two is entitled: "Poultry chain evolution in the state of Mato Grosso do Sul", and the article of chapter three is entitled "Trade barriers analysis of poultry meat export".