Fragilidade ambiental e uso das terras no município de Ivinhema-MS

Abstract

The private settlement model implemented in Ivinhema-MS country in 1957, by SOMECO-SA, had the objective of clearing the forest for the exploitation of wood and consequently the sale of estate and farmstead. After decades, the scenary in the countryside has changed and the use of land has become more intense which causes new dynamics little studied. In order to evaluate this scenary, two use and occupation charts (2000 and 2015) were used to identify and quantify the plots of each type of use (native vegetation, silviculture, pasture, temporary and exposed soil). OLI / Landsat 5 and 8 satellite images of the respective years (2000 and 2015) were used to analyze the changes that occurred during this period. These charts reveal the expansion of agricultural activity (soybean, maize and sugar cane), which represents an increase in areas in the period of approximately 500%. The mapping of the geosystem (geology, relief, soil, hydrography, climate, slope, hypsometry, land cover and use) reveals that the flows of matter and energy have already surpassed the levels of resilience, demonstrated by the large number of erosive process identified in the Geosystem. Emergent environmental fragility in the study area is proving vulnerable to the use and occupation of land, mainly the expansion of sugar cane monoculture. This activity associated with other rotational crops represents a medium degree of fragility and occupies 47% of the geosystem area, this indicates that the future scenary propositions are even worse.