Atributos físicos de um latossolo em sistemas de produção agropecuária

Abstract

The study was carried out at the experimental area of Embrapa Agropecuaria Oeste, in Ponta Porã city, Mato Grosso do Sul, Brazil (22º32'56''S 55º38'56''W), and aimed to evaluate the effect of production systems on soil physical quality of a Latosol Distroferric typical, clay texture. Was evaluated for its density, porosity, size and aggregate stability, organic matter content and water infiltration rate into the soil. Soil management systems evaluations were: No-tillage (PD); Conventional planting (PC); Forest formed by Eucalyptus cultivation (F); Integration Crop-livestock system with alternating crops and pasture in two-year cycles and pasture at the time of evaluation (ILPp); and Integration Crop-livestock system with alternating crops and pasture in two-year cycles and farming at the time of evaluation (ILPl). The results showed the influence of tillage systems on the physical attributes, in which the systems ILP and F had higher bulk density values and lower for the porosity, compared to other systems, moreover, they promoted the formation and stability of aggregates, unlike the PC system which has reduced the stability index. The ILPp system got one of the lowest water infiltration rates in soil between systems, however, this reduction was reversed during the agricultural cycle. The ILP systems still had the highest content of organic matter. Observed that water infiltration rate in soil showed a positive correlation with the macroporosity and total porosity variables and negative with soil density, it was also possible to observe a positive correlation shown between the amount of sand and soil density.