Análise têmporo-espacial dos casos de internação por doenças respiratórias: relações com a queima da palha da cana e características climáticas na Unidade de Planejamento e Gerenciamento Ivinhema (MS) no ano de 2002 a 2011

Abstract

The Planning and Management Unit ( PMU ) Ivinhema - MS is an important area of Mato Grosso do Sul, where several surveys and studies from many areas of geographic knowledge are developed, especially Climatology, which is an interdisciplinary field of Geography. The region is distinguished by the presence of large mills producing sugar and alcohol, where all municipalities in its extension comprise sugar cane plantation areas, which leads to a concern regarding the burning of the straw during one of the cycle phases, which is the harvest The UPG Ivinhema has a tropical climate defined by a dry season and a rainy season, whose the average rainfall is between 1436-1450 mm, with an average annual temperature between 20-22 ° C, reaching, in the warmer months, anywhere between 23 ° C and 26 ° C and in the colder months temperatures usually drop to around 15 ° C to 19 ° C. The climatic conditions act in the manifestation of certain harm to human health directly or indirectly, having among its elements (air temperature, relative humidity, precipitation, atmospheric pressure, interference in the welfare of individuals, respiratory diseases), factors influencing their aggravations. These indicators express somehow the relationship between the quality of the environment, climatic elements and origin of health problems as key instruments for environmental health. In this perspective, this work provides an analysis seeking to understand the relationship of how climate variability and the burning of the straw may influence the worsening cases of hospitalization for respiratory diseases in, according to data extracted from DATASUL, INMET, INPE / CANASAT and INPE / QUEIMADAS in the towns of Dourados, Ivinhema and Ponta Pora in the period 2002-2011, which are inserted into the UPG Ivinhema. The results show a significant worsening in the context of hospitalization for respiratory diseases during periods of the year if coinciding with the harvest of cane sugar that comes from the sum of all climate variables related to the emission levels of greenhouse gases in the atmosphere resulting from the burning of straw, in which we observed a direct relationship between rainfall, temperature and the number of fires with the aforementioned cases that together present a seasonal behavior, where months concerning autumn-winter seasons, these indices hospitalization are presented higher.