Abordagem territorial de desenvolvimento no território da Grande Dourados: análise do PRONAT e PTC

Abstract

The main objective of this study is to analyze the actions implemented in the Territory of Grande Dourados (MS) and the consequences of individuals actions in the Collegiate of Territorial Development (CODETER) as reflection of the territorial approach of development in the National Program for Sustainable Development of Rural Territories (PRONAT) and the Territorial Citizenship Program (PTC). The National Program for Sustainable Development of Rural Territories and the Citizenship Territories Program are outcomes of government arrangements on which are expressed the aim of assisting groups or individuals excluded from the production process of the market focused in new scale of actions. The territory acquires centrality not only as a theoretical category but in the application of delimitations directed to the referred Program as well. As research procedures, we made a documentary and bibliographic survey, semi-structured interviews, observation in visits to places where the main measures were implemented as well as qualitative systematization. To analyze the CODETER’s performance of the TGD we classify the actions into: didactic, those that were decided in the board through specific resource; learning-based, those made possible by social participation and knowledge construction in the collegiate; policies, actions that were endorsed by the collegiate as social demands, and the integrated ones, according to which were executed in agreement between federal and state Ministries and agencies. This categorization allowed us to understand the unfolding of the actions planned and executed in the TGD from 2003 until the State dismantling process that began with the 2016 coup and was enhanced by a neoliberal-style shift that emerged from the low clergy basements in Brazil in 2019. The Government policies dedicated to family farming were strongly influenced by the “territorial approach to development” with the creation of the Territorial Development Secretariat (SDT) in 2003. They prioritize the concept of territory and its variations, with the goal of reorganizing and qualifying the spaces, in addition to include subjects excluded from policies that have the major sectors of the economy targeted. In the TGD there has been a process of empowerment in some fractions of the working class when they take part of the PRONAT and PTC planning, however, the lack of interconnection between the spheres involved in these programs, the non-commitment of prefectures, besides the conflicting interests of the dominant fractions have marked these programs. The territorial development programs have a theoretical conception capable of enabling possibilities of social inclusion for those ruled by the dominant classes, however, the coalition of forces among the elites, especially the agents of regional / national agribusiness, producers of commodities and agricultural goods linked to oligopolistic capitalism weakens that execution through its articulators: city halls and public-private partnerships. Thus, there have been a demobilization and annihilation of these programs and, consequently, discredited government policies anchored by social participation.