Valoração de serviços ambientais em sistemas agroflorestais biodiversos

Abstract

Biodiversity agroforestry systems (SAFs) are characterized as an integrated land use model for the purpose of forest, agricultural and livestock production for family subsistence, strategic systems for restoration and subsequent conservation of degraded environments. SAFs provide a variety of environmental services (SAs) that directly or indirectly promote benefits to humans and the environment. In Brazil, studies on agroforestry systems are currently focused on technical, biological and social rather than economic aspects. Faced with the intensification of agriculture due to the growing population demand, SAFs represent a possible solution to obtain continuous production, combining conservation practices and improving the use of natural resources, within the premises of sustainability. In this context, this dissertation was organized in two chapters in the form of articles. The first under the title “The state of the art of valuation of environmental services in agroforestry systems” that brings a review of national and international bases on the subject. The second article under the title “Valuation of soil fertility components in a Quartzarenic Neossol under agroforestry systems” brings the case study in four SAFs in the Dourados region, where it was possible to apply the valuation method to estimate respective environmental services. Thus the second chapter aimed to quantify the internal erosion costs through the replacement cost method. The SAFs did not present positive results, because each property had a singularity in the applied management, which varied the soil biology in each area. An improvement in the management techniques used would help farmers to accept the use of AFS as well as environmental and economic returns.