Etnodesenvolvimento: análise a partir de uma terra indígena tradicionalmente ocupada

Abstract

The discussions on this research initiated from the need to identify governmental actions,or not that would guarantee the shaping of the autonomy of the indigenous populations, enabling them to participate in all stages of the formulation of actions that generate impacts within the indigenous lands. As an object of analysis were studied territorial spaces called backyards, located in the Panambizinho Indigenous Land, city of Dourados, Mato Grosso do Sul state. The intent was to analyze, within a traditionally occupied indigenous land, the experiences of sustainable production from of their traditional practices. In the analyzed backyards, 63 plant species were found, and more than 58% of them were producers of food items. Most of the production is used for the consumption of the residents of the lots themselves and the animals raised there, with the sale of surpluses only in the amount necessary to obtain the necessary currency to cover expenses such as electricity or the acquisition of some industrialized items. Most of the planted species are obtained through exchanges of seedlings and seeds in a network of reciprocity of the members of the ethnic group to which the inhabitants of the Indigenous Land belong, being some species acquired in local commerce or originating from native vegetation regeneration. The establishment of productive arrangements similar to the biodiverse agroforestry systems, located around the houses, enables the improvement of families welfare and moments of integration among their members. It also enables the cultivation following the traditional Guarani and Kaiowá production methods, providing improvement in the families diet and consequent food security with improvement of the nutritional level.