Produção de carvão ativado a partir de biomassa: petíole de buriti

Abstract

The interest about environmental issues and reuse of biomass and residue are each more frequent, due to the increase in population which demand resources, decrease of cost and innovation industrial activities. The textile industry has as environmental problem, the use of acids dyes and that are resistant to natural degradation. In this way, it is necessary to look for alternatives so that the dyes can be degraded or removed. One of these alternatives is the use of activated carbon. In this context, the objective of this work was the preparation and characterization of microporous activated charcoal, from the stalk, Buriti petiole, (extremely) present in the Brazilian cerrado, a material of low cost and renewable. The process was carried out from the preparation of the material, impregnation, drying at 110ºC for a period of 24 hours, of the cellulosic material impregnated by potassium hydroxide in different mass ratios and realization of the process of carbonization and simultaneous activation by potassium hydroxide (KOH) at the temperature of 500ºC for 3 hours. The activated carbons (CAs) were characterized by thermal analysis and differential scanning calorimetry (TGA-DSC), to obtain information on thermal stability, water by sorption, ash content, as well as the conditions and temperature to obtain the material. The classical methodologies were used to obtain the number of iodine and adsorption with methylene blue (cationic dye) by performing the UV-Vis quantitative analyzes with a wavelength of 664 nm, to evaluate porosity and adsorption capacity, respectively. The results allowed the classification of the activated carbon as microporous and it can be noticed that the increase of the mass proportions of activating agent did not influence in the increase of the porosity and adsorption capacity of Methylene Blue (AM).