Sentimentos e dificuldades vivenciados pelas mães de bebês hospitalizados: mecanismos de superação na perspectiva materna

Abstract

The birth of a child is a time of change in a woman's life. When this moment is accompanied by the birth of a baby who needs to be hospitalized, it becomes critical to the mother and her family. Therefore, in the hypothesis that the mothers who accompany their babies in the hospital experience a period of difficulties and that their protagonism is fundamental in the quality of their hospitalization, this study aims to describe the feelings, difficulties and overcoming strategies that have been helpful, as well as suggestions for improvement in the hospitalization experience of their children, using a qualitative approach, with an action research proposal. The study setting was the Neonatology sector of a School Hospital, in Dourados city, MS. Data collection was fulfilled from February 22 to May 11, 2016, with collected contents saturation, which were obtained through 12 mothers meetings performed by voice recording in Operative Group modality, according Pichón-Riviére proposed ideology and by field diary notes. The study participants were 52 mothers who had babies hospitalized in the Neonatal Units in collect data period and who have filled the sample criteria of inclusion and exclusion and whose characterization was through a questionnaire with some clinical and demographic data. The groups have been submitted of a weekly meeting frequency, lasting one hour and thirty minutes. The Content Analysis propused by Bardin was used to analyze the data. The results confirmed the hypothesis, since the mothers raised difficulties regarding the feelings with the baby and their hospitalization, to the hospital as institution, team, family, as well as they contributed with solutions to the confrontation of that moment; the empathic relationship between the mothers and the hospital team, spirituality and acceptance of the hospitalization process, the mother's sense of love and responsibility for her baby, family support, the internet and social networks. From the data provided, was prepared for health professionals a Guide to host these individuals. Thus, it was intended to discuss the experience and meanings present for the mothers during the hospitalization period of the baby, encouraging them to participate actively in this process, in order to promote the quality of hospitalization and the improvement of the SUS Health services.