Diversidade, distribuição e história natural das vespas Spheciformes (Hymenoptera: Apoidea) no Mato Grosso do Sul

Abstract

The knowledge about the diversity and distribution of wasps Spheciformes in Brazil is highly fragmented and restricted to a few regions. Thus, data on its biology are well described for a few groups, but lacking for many others, a reflection of the dearth of specialists in this group of wasps in Brazil. In this study we present the first sampling effort for Spheciformes wasps (Hym: Apoidea) to the families: Ampulicidae, Sphecidae and Crabronidae, from the Mato Grosso do Sul State, Brazil. The data presented here are derived from inventories performed between the years 2004 to 2012, conducted in 22 sampling points, with main emphasis to the fauna of Serra da Bodoquena plateau, among other areas contemplating the biomes in the State as the Cerrado, the Atlantic Forest and Chaco. We use the hand net sampling actively, Malaise traps (flight intercept) and traps Moërick (colored trays). We recorded 506 individuals distributed in 47 genera and 109 species. Trypoxylon Latreille was the most diverse genus with 155 individuals collected and 12 species, being the only genus sampled in all methodologies and in all locations. Eremnophila binodis (Fabricius) was the most abundant species recorded from the Spheciformes with 35 individuals collected. This list adds 83 new distribution records of species of these wasps in the MS State, expanding to 139 species of wasps Spheciformes registered in the State. The species Allogorytes bifasciatus (Bréthes, 1909), Clitemnestra paraguayana Bohart, 2000 e Stenogorytes megalommiformis (Strand, 1910) are recorded for the first time in Brasil.