Atributos agronômicos da soja e do solo em sistema de manejo e velocidade de semeadura

Abstract

Selecting the best management system tied to the ideal seeding speed may increase crop yield. The aim of this study was to evaluate the agronomic traits of soybean and soil management systems in Red Latosol. The experiment was conducted at the UFGD Experimental Farm and designed in randomized blocks in a split plot scheme with four reps (blocks). Six cropping systems were allocated in the plots (without tilling, chisel plowing, crossed chisel plowing, disking, plowing + disking and chiseling + disking) and later in soybean sowing, the subplot, and four sowing speeds. Soil attributes that will be evaluated: the percentage of soil cover, soil density, porosity, and soil mechanical resistance to penetration only in management systems, and agronomic traits in subplot: plant emergency, plant stand, seedling longitudinal distribution, biomass, stem diameter, plant height, first pod insertion height, number of pods per plant, and crop yield. Treatment without tillage provided the largest vegetation values, density and soil penetration resistance in the surface layers. The increased speed decreases the resistance to penetration in the soil. The lowest stem diameter, plant height and yield were found in the no tillage system. Higher crop yield was found at lower seeding rates. Using the scarified systems more pods per plant were produced at intermediate speeds.