Avaliação dos impactos dos planos municipais de resíduos sólidos na reciclagem brasileira

Abstract

In 2010, Brazil passed the Federal Law n° 12.305 that institutes the National Solid Waste Policy (PNRS) in the country, aiming to improve urban solid waste (MSW) management and increase waste recovery (recycle and reuse). According to this law, Brazilian cities, as conductors of PNRS goals, must create Municipal Solid Waste Plans (PGIRS) to guarantee funding to enterprises and services related to MSW management. This research aimed to verify if the PGIRS were aligned with the PNRS on MSW recovery, specifically, assess the impact of PGIRS on MSW recovery. We conducted, an econometric analysis of multivariate regression model on panel data in the period of 2010 to 2018, using National Sanitation Information System (SNIS) and National Institute of Geography and Statistics (IBGE) data, controlling for other socioeconomic and time-spatial effects variables. It was observed, an increase of 17,3% in the rate of waste recovery per capita in the sample municipalities that has adopted PGIRS, showing that PGIRS have a positive effect in MSW recovery. As for the other socioeconomic variables, like municipal per capita Gross Domestic Product (PDG), the amount of expenditure on public sanitation, as well as the number of MSW management workers on sample municipalities, showed a positive effect on MSW recovery as well. Finally, it was demonstrated that municipalities located in South or South-east regions of Brazil, recovered around 94,5% more MSW than those located in other regions of the country.