Pobreza no Mato Grosso do Sul: uma análise espacial

Abstract

This study aims to analyze the multidimensional poverty in the state of the Mato Grosso do Sul for the years 1991, 2000 e 2010. For this purpose, a Multidimensional Poverty Index (MPI) was constructed, based on fuzzy sets, and the Exploratory Spatial Data Analysis (ESDA) and the Geographically Weighted Regression (GWR) were employed. The data came from the Censos Demográficos of the respective years analyzed. The results showed that 3 of the 4 largest cities in the state in terms of population were always among the best IPMs, and these were: Campo Grande, Dourados and Três Lagoas. They also pointed to the concentration during the analyzed period of the worst levels of poverty in the municipalities in the south of the state, close to the border with Paraguay and the border with Paraná, where most of the Alto-Alto clusters were located. The best levels, in turn, were located, over the years, mainly in the cities of the Northeast and North of the state, close to the borders with São Paulo, Minas Gerais, Goiás and Mato Grosso, and where most of the Low-Low clusters. In this way, the spatial autocorrelation of the IPM was verified during all the years studied, and at an increasing level. Finally, the RPG showed, together with the global model, that per capita income has, ceteris paribus, a significant relationship with multidimensional poverty in the state, thus indicating that even income does not represent multidimensional poverty in its entirety has a significant relationship.