Prevalência e variáreis associadas ao HIV na população indígena da reserva de Dourados – MS

Abstract

A cross-sectional study was carried out to assessed the prevalence and variables associated with HIV infection from a Brazilian indigenous reserve with the largest contingent population in the country. Indigenous population from Dourados reserve, Mato Grosso do Sul (MS), Brazil was interviewed among setember 2017 to march 2020. Blood samples were collected for serological tests for HIV, syphilis and hepatitis B and C viruses. HIV-1 positive and undetermined samples were subjected to Western Blot and nucleic acid amplification. Treatment of HIV positive was assessed by results of HIV-1 viral load and CD4 count. Out of the 2,190 indigenous people invited, 1,927 (88%) agreed to participate in this study. HIV seroprevalence was 0.93% (18 / 1,927), 73.22% (1,411 / 1,927) were unaware their serological status. Out of the 18 HIV positive patients using antiretroviral, 66,67% (12/18) had HIV viral load below 1000 copies / mL after 24 weeks of treatment and 50% (9/18) had CD4 cell count greater than 350 cells / mL. Also, 44.45% (8/18) of HIV positive samples amplified in Nested-PCR and 75% (6/8) of these were from patients with irregular treatment. Despite the worldwide effort to contain HIV infection, this study shows that this infection has advanced among indigenous populations. Social vulnerability and risk behavior factors were frequent in HIV patients evaluated. Also, many of HIV-positive have not showed therapeutical success. Thus, a greater diagnosis coverage and continuous treatment of indigenous people living with HIV is still a challenge for Brazilian public health.