Bioprospecção in sílico de genes codificadores de L-aspariginase em amostras de solo de Dourados - MS

Abstract

The L-asparaginase enzyme is of great industrial importance. In the pharmaceutical industry, it is applied to the treatment of ALL (Acute Lymphoblastic Leukemia), because, due to mutations, cancer cells lose the ability to synthesize their own asparagine. In the food industry, the enzyme is applied to food treatment to prevent the formation of acrylamide in carbohydrate-rich foods. Commercial L asparaginases have immunogenic toxic effects such as hypertension and pancreatitis, so the search for new enzymes with better bioconversion activities and less toxicity is of paramount importance. The application of the metagenomics technique in environmental samples such as soil allows the study of new proteins without the need to cultivate microorganisms in the laboratory. The work aimed to compare the diversity and abundance of the L-asparaginase enzyme-producing microbiota in soil samples from the region of Dourados, MS. The ORFs originated from the NGS by the shotgun method were used for local alignment with a database formatted with enzyme sequences. The results were analyzed using Megan, Stamp, Interacti Venn software. A candidate enzyme was selected to perform the modeling, visualization and physicochemical characteristics. The results returned a total of 13 distinct phyla, 4 eukaryotes, 2 archaea and 7 bacteria. Regarding species, the native forest soil sample had 18 that occurred exclusively, while the integrated crop livestock soil had 12, continuous pasture 8, conventional planting 6 and no-tillage 12. The protein modeling showed a confidence of 95.9 % according to Phyre 2 software. The native forest soil showed greater abundance and richness than the others in terms of microorganisms that have genes encoding the L-asparaginase enzyme.